RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN (8.2)
1.
Satuan Pendidikan : SMA ISLAM PB. SOEDIRMAN BEKASI I
2.
Mata Pelajaran :
BAHASA INGGRIS
3.
Kelas/Prog./Smt : X / UMUM / II
4.
Standar Kompetensi
Mendengarkan
Memahami makna
dalam teks fungsional pendek dan monolog yang berbentuk narrative, descriptive, dan news
item sederhana dalam konteks
kehidupan sehari-hari
5.
Kompetensi Dasar
Merespon makna dalam teks monolog sederhana
yang menggunakan ragam bahasa lisan
secara akurat, lancar dan berterima dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari
dalam teks berbentuk; narrative, descriptive, dan news item
Indikator
Indikator 1: Mengidentifikasi main
idea dari teks yang didengar
Indikator 2: Mengidentifikasi
tokoh dari cerita yang didengar
Indikator 3: Mengidentifikasi kejadian dalam teks yang didengar
Indikator 4: Mengidentifikasi ciri-ciri
dari benda/orang yang dideskripsikan
Indikator 5: Mengidentifikasi
inti berita yang didengar
Indikator 6: Mengidentifikasi
sumber berita yang didengar
6.
Alokasi Waktu :
2 Jam Pelajaran X 40 menit (3 x Pertemuan)
7.
Materi Pembelajaran
Pertemuan
1:
Narrative
The
Communicative purpose:
To
amuse, entertain and to deal with actual or vicarious experience in different
ways (menghibur pendengar atau pembaca
yang bertalian dengan pengalaman nyata, khayal atau peristiwa pelik yang
mengarah ke suatu krisis yang pada akhirnya menemukan suatu penyelesaian).
Text Organization
- Orientation: sees the scene and
introduces the participants (pengenalan tokoh, waktu dan tempat)
- Evaluation: a stepping back to
evaluate the plight (dimulainya konflik)
- Complication: a crisis arises
(pengembangan konfllik)
- Resolution: the crisis is resolved,
for better or for worse (penyelesaian konflik)
- Re-orientation: (optional).
- Coda (optional)
(perubahan yang terjadi pada tokoh dan pelajaran yang dapat dipetik dari
cerita)
Significant
Lexico grammatical Features:
- Focus on specific and usually
individualized participants.
- Use of Material Processes and in the
text Behavioural and Verbal Processes.
- Use of Relational Processes and
Mental Processes.
- Use of temporal conjunctions and
temporal Circumstances.
- Use of past tense.
SANGKURIANG
Orientation
A long time ago, the ancient land of
Sunda was ruled by a king and queen who had but a single daughter. Her name was
Dayang Sumbi. She was beautiful and clever but also pampered and spolited.
Complication
One day as she was weaving in her
pavilion, she became moody and distracted, which caused her to keep dropping
her shuttle on the floor. Once when it fell she exclaimed she would marry the
one who gave it back to her. At that very moment her dog Tumang, a demigod
possessing magic powers, came up to her with the shuttle in his mouth. Dayang
Sumbi had to marry him.
Resolution
They lived happily together, and
Dayang Sumbi gave birth to a baby boy, human in appearance but endowed with his
father’s magic powers. She named him Sangkuriang. As the boy grew up, he was
always guarded by the faithful dog Tumang, whom he knew only as a companion and
not as his father, Sangkuriang became handsome and brave.
Complication
One day his mother asked him to go
hunting with the dog and bring her venison for a feast. After hunting all day
without success, Sangkuriang worried about facing his mother empty-handed.
Desperate, he took an arrow and shot the dog. He returned home and handed over
the meat to his pleased mother. Soon after the feast, however, Dayang Sumbi
questioned her son about the absence of Tumang. At first he evaded her queries
but finally told her what had happened. She was horrified and struck her son so
hard on the temple that he collapsed. For that, the old king banished his
daughter from the court and she was made to roam around the kingdom.
Sangkuriang recovered with a large scar on his temple, and he too left the
court to wander about the world.
Complication
Years later, Sangkuriang met a
beautiful woman and instantly fell in love with her. It was his own mother-they
did not recognize each other. He pro posed to her and she agreed to marry him.
On the day before the wedding, as she was caressing her fiancee’s hair, Dayang
Sumbi detected the scar on the temple. Horror struck her, for she was about to
marry her own son, Sangkuriang. Without revealing the whole truth to him, she
tried unsuccessfully to dissuade him. Desperate to avoid the marriage, she set
conditions she thought impossible to meet. Sangkuriang had to make a lake that
filled the whole valley and build a boat for the couple to sail in, all before
dawn.
Resolution
Sangkuriang started to work. His
love gave him extraordinary strength, and he used his magic powers to summon
the spirits to help him. With boulders and mud they dammed the river in the
valley and the water rose and began to form a lake. In the early morning hours
he chopped down a huge tree in the forest and began hollowing it out to make a
boat. When Dayang Sumbi saw that he was about to accomplish what she has
thought impossible, she called on the gods to bring the sun up early and thwart
Sangkuriang.
Re-orientation
The cock crowed, the sun rose much
earlier than usual, and Sangkuriang realized he had been deceived. In a fit of
fury he caused Dayang Sumbi and kicked the half-finished boat back into the
forest. There it lies upside down today, forming the mountain Tangkuban Perahu
(Upturned Boat). Not far away is the stump of the tree Sangkuriang had felled,
now called Bukit Tinggi. The dam Sangkuriang had built caused the valley to
become a lake, where both Sangkuriang and Dayang Sumbi drowned themselves. They
were never heard of again.
DESCRIPTIVE
The
communicative Purpose
•
To
Describe a particular person, place or thing
The generic
structure
•
Identification
: Identifies phenomenon to be described
•
Description
: Describe parts, qualities, characteristics.
Significant Lexicogrammatical
Features:
•
Focus on specific participants
•
Use of attributive and
indentifying processes
•
Frequent use of Epithets and
classifiers in nominal groups.
•
Use of simple present
Shangri-La
Identification
On the banks of the Chao
Phraya, Bangkok's "River of Kings", lays a hotel that has already
set new standards of hospitality for this celebrated city.
Desciptions
Set in magnificently
landscaped tropical gardens, the Shangri-La Bangkok provides guests with all
the charm and warmth of the Orient and, at the same time, an unsurpassed range
of facilities and leisure activities.
There is a choice of 12
superb settings in which to wine and dine, a large free-form swimming pool that
overlooks the river, convention and meeting facilities for up to 2.000 people
and a 24-hour business center.
And, from every single
guestroom and suite, there is a breathtaking view of all the exotic hustle and
bustle of the fabled "River of Kings".
One might expect such a
well-equipped and positioned hotel to be miles away from the city center but, at
the Shangri-La Bangkok, the business district and main shopping areas are mere
minutes away.
For more than 200 years, Bangkok's grandeur has been reflected in the
waters of the Chao Phraya. Today, the Shangri-La Bangkok towers beside this
majestic river, offers its guests the golden promise of the East.
News Item
The communicative Purpose :
•
To inform the readers, listeners, or viewers about
events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important
The Generic Structure:
•
Newsworthy
(s) : recount the event in
summary form
•
Background
event (s) : elaborate what happened, to whom,
in what circumstances
•
Sources : comments by participants in, witness to and authorities expert
on the events
Significant Lexicogrammatical
Features:
•
Short, telegraphic information about story capture
headline.
•
Use of material processes to retell the event
•
Use of projecting verbal processes in sources stage.
•
Focus on circumstances.
Brave Boy Found
Alive After Two Days at Sea
Newsworthy (s) :
Feeling
no fear, a five-year-old boy spent two days floating at sea on a mattress in a
bid to survive from the effects of the tsunami that killed thousands of people
from his town and was reunited with his family on Thursday.
He
cried as he rushed to his parents, older brother and younger sister at a
refugee camp in Meulaboh, his hometown of 40,000 people in Aceh that was one of
the hardest hit in Sunday’s disaster.
Background event (s)
Wira later calmly recounted to reporters the
amazing events that brought him back to his family, a rare tale of happiness in
the devastated province on the island of Sumatra that has seen nearly 80,000
people killed by the flooding.
Nursing
only a gash to his left leg, Wira said he was playing with his brother and
sister near his home when the waters rushed through.
According
to Antara news agency, Wira said he
held on to various floating pieces of wood while being swept away.
“I
was not afraid because I am used to the sea.” Wira said while massaging his
wounded leg.
“As
I was still holding to a door, the mattress came by so I decided to climb on
it. I was not afraid, but I was cold.”
Sources:
Wira
said he spent two days out at sea until he was found by fisherman on the look
out for bodies off coast of Meulaboh. –AFP
Adapted from The Jakarta Post, 31 December 2004
8.
Tujuan Pembelajaran
Pertemuan
1:
§ Siswa mengidentifikasi jenis teks, ciri dan bentuk retorika dari teks
narrative
§ Siswa mengidentifikasi main idea, tokoh, kejadian dari teks narrative.
Pertemuan 2 :
§ Siswa mengidentifikasi jenis teks, ciri dan bentuk retorika dari teks
descriptive.
§ Siswa mengidenfikasi ciri-ciri
benda/orang yang dideskripsikan
Pertemuan 3 :
§ Siswa mengidentifikasi jenis teks, ciri dan bentuk retorika dari teks news
item.
§ Siswa mengidenfikasi inti berita dan
sumber berita yang didengar
9.
Metode Pembelajaran
Pertemuan 1: Listening, tanya jawab dan latihan
Pertemuan 2: Listening, tanya jawab dan latihan
Pertemuan 3: Listening, tanya jawab dan latihan
10.
Kegiatan Pembelajaran
Pertemuan 1 :
Pendahuluan
§ Guru mengucapkan salam dan dilanjutkan mengabsen
§
Guru
mengkondisikan kelas
§ Guru meyampaikan KD-SK, indikator dan manfaat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari
Kegiatan
Inti
§
Membagi
siswa menjadi beberapa kelompok.
§ Menyimak teks narrative yang berisi menggambarkan sebuah cerita.
§ Siswa mendengarkan cerita narrative yang memperhatikan tujuan komunikasi,
generic struktur, ciri kebahasaan yang terdapat pada cerita memberikan gambaran
untuk menjelaskan sesuatu.
§
Siswa mendiskusikan isi teks fungsional yang
didengar secara berpasangan
§
Siswa mendiskusikan bentuk bahasa lisan yang
di dengar secara berkelompok
§
Guru mengambil penilaian
Kegiatan
Akhir
§
Siswa menyimpulkan materi pembelajaran dengan
bimbingan guru
§
Guru memberikan tugas rumah kepada siswa
(tindak lanjut)
Pertemuan 2:
Pendahuluan
§ Guru mengucapkan salam dan dilanjutkan mengabsen
§
Guru
mengkondisikan kelas
§ Guru meyampaikan KD-SK, indikator dan manfaat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari
Kegiatan
Inti
§
Membagi
siswa menjadi beberapa kelompok.
§ Menyimakteks descriptive yang berisi menggambarkan sebuah cerita.
§ Siswa mendengarkan cerita descriptive yang memperhatikan tujuan komunikasi,
generic struktur, ciri kebahasaan yang terdapat pada cerita memberikan gambaran
untuk menjelaskan sesuatu.
§
Siswa mendiskusikan isi teks fungsional yang
didengar secara berpasangan
§
Siswa mendiskusikan bentuk bahasa lisan yang
di dengar secara berkelompok
§
Guru mengambil penilaian
Kegiatan
Akhir
§
Siswa menyimpulkan materi pembelajaran dengan
bimbingan guru
§
Guru memberikan tugas rumah kepada siswa
(tindak lanjut)
Pertemuan 3:
Pendahuluan
§ Guru mengucapkan salam dan dilanjutkan mengabsen
§
Guru
mengkondisikan kelas
§ Guru meyampaikan KD-SK, indikator dan manfaat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari
Kegiatan
Inti
§
Membagi
siswa menjadi beberapa kelompok.
§ Menyimak teks news item yang berisi menggambarkan sebuah cerita.
§ Siswa mendengarkan cerita news item yang memperhatikan tujuan komunikasi,
generic struktur, ciri kebahasaan yang terdapat pada cerita memberikan gambaran
untuk menjelaskan sesuatu.
§
Siswa mendiskusikan isi teks fungsional yang
didengar secara berpasangan
§
Siswa mendiskusikan bentuk bahasa lisan yang
di dengar secara berkelompok
§
Guru mengambil penilaian
Kegiatan
Akhir
§
Siswa menyimpulkan materi pembelajaran dengan
bimbingan guru
§
Guru memberikan tugas rumah kepada siswa
(tindak lanjut)
11.
Penilaian
a.
Indikator, jenis dan bentuk
|
Indikator
|
Jenis
|
Bentuk
|
|
Pertemuan 1
Mengidentifikasi jenis teks fugsional
pendek yang didengar
Mengidentifikasi ciri teks fungsional
Pertemuan 2
Mengidentifikasikn bentuk retorika dari teks
Pertemuan 3
Mengidentifikasi jenis teks
fugsional pendek yang didengar
Mengidentifikasi ciri teks fungsional
|
·
Mengidentifikasi jenis, ciri dan retorika sebuah teks yang didengar
|
·
Listening
|
b.
Instrument penilaian
Listen the text
carefully, then identify the text!
I have a pet. It is a dog and I call it Brownie.
Brownie is a Chinese breed. It is small, fluffy, and cute. It has got thick
brown fur. When I cuddle it, the fur feels soft. Brownie does not like bones.
Every day it eats soft food like steamed rice, fish or bread. Every morning I
give her milk and bread. When I am at school, Brownie plays with my cat. They
get along well, and never fight maybe because Brownies does not bark a lot. It
treats the other animals in our house gently, and it never eats shoes. Brownie
is really a sweet and friendly animal.
Question
1. What is the text?
2. What is the characteristic
3. What is the generic structure
4. What is the purpose?
5. What is dominan sructure?
c.
Score penilaian
·
Jika teks benar, ciri benar dan retorika benar Score 100
·
Jika teks benar, ciri benar tetapi retorika salah Score 90
·
Jika teks benar tetapi ciri dan retorika salah Score 80
·
Jika teks salah tetapi ciri dan retorika benar Score 70
·
Jika teks, ciri dan retorika salah Score 60
12.
Sumber dan bahar
ajar
1.
Modul
bahasa Inggris, kelas X by Andrian
2.
Buku pegangan
guru X, Platinum
3. Linked to the world 1, Yudhistirs, F.A. Soeprapto, 2006
4. Buku Kurikulum 2004
13.
Evaluasi
·
Post test
·
Ulangan harian
·
UTS
·
UAS
Mengetahui, Bekasi, 25 Januari 2012
Kepala Sekolah Guru Mata Pelajaran
Ir. H. Kusnaedi, MM Andrian S.Pd
NRP. NRP. 040817
Lampiran
The Princess and the Pea
Once
upon a time there was a prince he wanted to get himself a princess, but she had
to be real princess. So he traveled all over the world to find one, but in
every case something was the matter. There were lots of princess, but he could
never quite make out whether they were real or not. So he came home feeling
very unhappy, for really wanted to find a true princess.
One
evening a terrible storm came; lightening flashed, thunder rolled, and the rain
poured down in torrents-it was simply awful ! suddenly there was a knock at the
city gate, and the old king went out to answer it.
There
was a princess standing outside, but what a sight the rain and the bad weather
had made of her ! The water streamed down her hair and her clothes, and yet she
said she was a real princess.
“It
won’t take long to find that out,” thought the old Queen. Without saying
anything, she went into bed chamber, took off all the bedclothes, and places
one pea on the bottom boards of the bed. Then she took twenty mattresses and
put them on top of the pea, and after that she put twenty feather-pillows on
top of the mattresses.
That
was where the princess was to spend the night.
In
the morning they asked her how she had slept.
“Oh,
dreadfully! said the princess. “I hardly slept a wink all night. Whatever could
have been in the bed ? I was lying on something so hard that I’m black and blue
all over.”
So
of course they could see that she was a real princess, since she had felt the
pea through twenty mattresses and twenty feather-pillows. No one but a real
princess could have such a tender skin as that.
So
the prince took her for his wife, and they lived happily ever after.
1.
What
kind of the text is it?
a.
report
b.
recount
c.
narrative
d.
descriptive
e.
news
item
2.
The
generic structure of the text is…….
a.
Orientation
> Complication > Resolution > Re-Orientation
b.
Orientation
> Events > Re- Orientation
c.
General
Classification > Description
d.
Identification
> Description
e.
Newsworthy
Events > Background Events > Sources
3.
What
is the purpose of the text?
a.
to
inform about princess and the pea
b.
to
describe the story of the princess and the pea
c.
to
give information that the prince looked for the real princess
d.
to
amuse the reader with the story of the princess and the pea
e.
to
describe how the princess could feel the pea on the bottom boards of the bed
4.
What
is the dominant structure used in the text?
a.
the
simple present tense
b.
the
simple past tense
c.
the
present continuous tense
d.
passive
voice
e.
imperative
5.
No
one but a real princess could have such a tender skin as that. The SYNONYM of
‘tender’ is …
a.
hard
b.
light
c.
weak
d.
strong
e.
soft
Gua Tabuhan is a lively unique cave
In the cave nyi (mrs) Kamiyem and ki
(mr) padmo sit on a stone. nyi kamityem will sing a song and ki padmo will beat
the drum. Joining them are people called Wiyogo which are drummers and other
gamelan musicians.
What makes this unique is that they
mix gamelan with the sound of nature. The visitors dance, forgetting all
problems.
Many tourists go to this cave. Maybe
you are interested in going there too. But you don’t know where it is. Gua Tabuhan
is located near Pacitan in east java. It is situated in a lime hill called
tapan, in Tabuhan, Wareng village. The route is easy. Along the road there is
beautiful tropical scenery to enjoy-rice fields, coconut palms and birds.
East of the cave peddlers sell
souvenirs. The drink and food peddlers are on the north. People sell agates on
the cave terraces. Somehow, it is like a fair.
It is said that the cave is the only
place where nature produces sounds like the music of gamelan. Nyi kamiyem, the
well down pesinden (traditional Javanese singer) from the village of gabuhan,
who often sings in the cave, does not doubt it.
Gua tabuhan did not use to welcome
visitor. According to kartowiryo (90), village elder, gua tabuhan used to be a
hiding place for robbers. it was believed to be a sacred place. No one dared go
inside. However, wedana (chief of a district) kertodiprojo, went to the cave to
find out what was wrong. He found out that the cave was inhabited by the
annoying evil spirits. The people chased the spirits away.
The cave is dark, so people need
light, and a local guide will lead the way sometimes visitors bump their heads
against the sharp rocks on the ceiling.
Inside the cave there is a plain.
big stone which is believed to be the prayer mat of pangeran diponogoro, one of
the Indonesia heroes who fought against the Dutch. It is said that pangeran
diponegoro used to seclude himself in the cave. Some people now use the place
for meditation.
There is a stream in the cave, in
the east corner, which can only be seen outside. However, it can be heard from
inside.
Besides the cave, watukarang, a
beach nearby, is good to visit. By the way, want different souvenirs? You can
find them in donorodjo village where agate craftsman work. So, have a nice
journey.
This text is for no. 12-16
6.
Where
is goa tabuhan located?
- near
pacitan in east java
- near
watukarang beach
- in
donoradjo village
- in
the village of gabuhan
- near
pacitan in west java
7.
What
did kertodiprojo find out inside the cave?
a.
agates
craftsman work
b.
annoying
evil spirits
c.
many
robbers
d.
the
drink and food peddlers
e.
nyi
kamiyem and ki padmo
8.
What
do people need to enter the cave?
a.
light
and local peddlers
b.
local
musicians and agate craftsman
c.
chief
of district and local guide
d.
local
guide and lights
e.
lights
and village elder
9.
Which
statement is true according to the text?
- to
reach wareng village the visitor get troubles
- the
inside of the cave is like a fair because visitor and peddlers bring light
if they come in
- wedana
kertodiprojo found out that the cave was inhabited by the annoying evil
spirits
- there
is only one tourist resort around wareng village
- pangeran
diponegoro secluded himself outside the cave
Once upon a
time, there was an old woman who lived in a very old hut near a forest with her
only daughter. The daughter’s name is Misna. She is beautiful but she had
envious heart.
One day she saw girl of her age passing
by her hut. The girl was joining her father hunting. She dressed in beautiful
cloth. His father’s assistants respected her. Misna could not sleep when she
was remembering this. She was very angry with her condition. She hated her
hopeless mother.
In the morning she shouted at her
mother. She wanted her mother to buy the most beautiful gown in the markets for
her. Of course her mother could not afford it. Then she cried and cried. She
did not want to eat anything. Her mother was very sad. She decided to sell a
piece of land, the only valuable thing that she had. She bought her beloved
daughter a very beautiful dress.
Misna admired herself. She wanted to
show everybody that she was a very beautiful girl. She asked her mother to
bring her to another village. Along the way, she smiled to everyone. People in
the village thought that she was a princess. They gave her a high respect and
invited her to have meal in their house. Misna enjoyed this and told everybody
that she was princess and mother was maid. Her mother was very sad but she kept
her felling deep in the heart.
On the way home
Misna met a handsome prince. He was interested in her and wanted to marry her.
Misna told the prince that her mother had died and father went married to
another woman. She was having a long trip with her loyal maid. Listening to
this, her mother was very upset. She cried loudly Misna was very angry to her
and told her to be away from her.
Suddenly there
was a heavy rain accompanied with big thunders. Everyone run away to save themselves. Misna
was very afraid. She cried. Her mother wanted to help her but she did not want
to at that time a big thunder hit her to dead.
10.
What
is the type of the text?
- Procedure
- Descriptive
- Narrative
- News
item
- Report
11.
When
did she ask her mother a beautiful dress?
- After
she saw another girl with beautiful dress
- on
the way home she met a handsome prince
- after
her mother sold a piece of her land
- when
a heavy rain and big thunders came
- since
the villagers invited her to have meal in their house
12. How could her mother buy her a beautiful
dress?
- from
her saving
- by
asking her relative some money
- by
robbed a bank
- from
her salary
- by
selling the only land she had
13.
What
made her mother cried aloud?
a.
she
told everyone that she was her maid
b.
she
told the prince that her mother had died
c.
she
told the prince that she was her maid
d.
she
wanted her mother to buy the most beautiful gown
e.
she
was joining her father hunting for a long time
14.
What
happened at last?
- Misna
got married to a prince
- Misna
was wet in rain
- Her
mother bought her the most beautiful gown
- A
thunder hit Misna to dead
- She
had meal in villagers house
15.
She
is beautiful but she had envious heart
What is the synonym of the underlined word?
a.
Ambigious
b.
Jealous
c.
Fierce
d.
Festive
e.
Humble
16.
What
is the orientation of this text?
a.
One
upon a time, there was an old woman who lived in a very old hut near a forest
with her only daughter. The daughter name is Misna. She is beautiful but she
had envious heart name is Misna. she is beautiful but she had envious heart
b.
Suddenly
there was a heavy rain accompanied with big thunders everyone ran away to save
themselves
c.
On
the way home Misna met a handsome prince. He was interested in her to marry her
d.
She
decided to sell a piece of land, the only valuable thing that she had. She
bought her beloved daughter a very beautiful dress
e.
Misna
admired herself. She wanted to show everybody that she was a very beautiful
girl
JAKARTA:
Seven people were killed in a collision between a bus, a car and a truck on
Dipenogoro street at 10:35 p.m. last night. The dead were all the passengers of
the car. The police believed the car had been trying to overtake the bus when
it was struck by a truck coming from the opposite direction. The driver of the
car might not be using his lights, as the truck driver said he did not see the
car approaching.
The
police said the car should not have tried to pass the bus, since overtaking is
not allowed on Dipenogoro street. In addition, the police report that the car,
a small Japanese car, should not have been carrying more than five people. If
the passengers had brought their identity cards, the police would have
identified the names of the victim easily.
17. The text mainly reports that there
was/were…
a.
A car accident.
b.
Careless driver.
c.
A small Japanese car.
d. Victim of an accident.
e.
The function of an identity card.
18. What was the cause of the collision?
a.
The truck came from the opposite direction
b.
The car carried more than five people
c.
The truck driver didn’t use his lights
d. The truck driver didn’t see the car
e.
The car tried to overtake the bus
19. “If the passengers had brought their
identity cards, the police would have been easy to identify the names of the
victims.” (The last sentence)
The sentence above means…
a.
The victims’ names were not known
b.
The victims were easy to be identify
c.
The passengers brought their identity cars
d. The police had no difficulty in
identifying the victim the victims
e.
It was easy for the police to identify the victims
of the accidents
20. Who said that the accident was caused by
the car?
a.
The police
b.
The victims
c.
The reporter
d. The truck driver
e.
The passengers
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